There’s lot of evidence that milk can help increase height during development. The so called “dutch diet“.
This website has more info on extracellular vesicles and it’s own thoughts on the study.
Bovine milk extracellular vesicles induce the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and promote osteogenesis in rats
“Bone is constantly balanced between the formation of new bone by osteoblasts and the absorption of old bone by osteoclasts. To promote bone growth and improve bone health, it is necessary to promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Although bovine milk is known to exert a beneficial effect on bone formation, the study on the effect of bovine milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) on osteogenesis in osteoblasts is limited. In this study, we demonstrated that bovine milk EVs promoted the proliferation of human osteogenic Saos‐2 cells by increasing the expression of cell cycle‐related proteins. In addition, bovine milk EVs also induced the differentiation of Saos‐2 cells by increasing the expression of RUNX2 and Osterix which are key transcription factors for osteoblast differentiation. Oral administration of milk EVs did not cause toxicity in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Furthermore, milk EVs promoted longitudinal bone growth and increased the bone mineral density of the tibia. Our findings suggest that milk EVs could be a safe and powerful applicant for enhancing osteogenesis.”
” milk contains a large number of extracellular vesicles (EVs)”
“Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by almost all types of cells. EVs contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids of originating cells and are known to transmit those bioactive molecules to target cells to change the phenotype of the cells”
“To isolate the milk EVs from commercial pasteurized milk, milk was centrifuged at 2,000g for 10 min and 10,000g for 40 min to remove milk cells, debris, and milk fat globules”
“bovine milk EVs contain bioactive TGF‐β{
TGF-Beta is important in chrondrogenic pathways}, which can regulate immune cell functions. We hypothesized that the milk EVs also express other growth factors or cytokines that are associated with osteoblast activation. We confirmed the expression of these proteins in milk EVs using an antibody array membrane which is sensitive and cost‐effective. The antibody array showed that osteogenesis‐related proteins such as bFGF, IGF‐1, TGF‐β, and VEGF exist in milk EVs “
There are some mutations of tgf-beta that increase height and some that decrease height. There’s two different receptors for tgf-beta ALK1 and ALK5.
“To confirm the toxicity of milk EVs in vivo, various doses of milk EVs (0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg) were administered once to male and female Crl:CD Sprague‐Dawley rats by oral gavage. All animals survived during the experiment and had no noticeable changes in body weight”
” The increase of average tibia length was observed after milk EVs administration, although there was no statistically significant difference compared to the negative control (35.64 ± 0.71 mm vs 36.24 ± 0.62 mm)” that’s about a 2% increase in height. So about 1 inch which is pretty significant.
“milk‐driven insulin/IGF‐1 signaling accelerates cell growth and proliferation via up‐regulation of the mTORC1 pathway. Activation of mTORC1 promotes lipid synthesis, protein translation, and protein synthesis, resulting in increase in cell growth and proliferation”
The problem with this study is that we don’t know if the results of the milk EV is does dependent or not on the longitudinal bone growth.
